Moustafa R. K. Ali , *; Yue Wu; Hala R. Ali ; Salah A. Selim ; Tiegang Han ; Todd A. Sulchek; Ronghu Wu ; Dong M. Shin ; Mostafa A. El-Sayed (AEA-Scholars)

Moustafa R. K. Ali , *; Yue Wu; Hala R. Ali ; Salah A. Selim ; Tiegang Han ; Todd A. Sulchek; Ronghu Wu ; Dong M. Shin ; Mostafa A. El-Sayed

Association of Egyptian-American Scholars

Abstract:

 In Cancer plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPTT), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are used to convert light energy into localized heat leading to cancer cell death. Among plasmonic nanoparticles, gold nanorods (AuNRs) have been widely used as they absorb near-infrared (NIR) light (safe to biological system). Herien, firstly, we developed a new AuNRs formulations techniques, yielding better generation of AuNRs, enhancing cancer cell targeting, and thus is more selective and efficient. 1-30n the other hand, the detailed mechanism of PPTT, still remains poorly understood. Thus, secondly, upon PPTT we used Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) to detect time-dependent changes in the intensities of the vibration frequencies of molecules. We complemented the study of changes in SERS spectra with metabolomics, protoemics, and Western blot through network analysis. It showed  several apoptosis pathways (favorable death pathway compared to necrosis) were activated, which are consistent with the proposed role of altered phenylalanine metabolism in inducing apoptosis. 4, 5 Thirdly studying the AuNPs’ effect on mechanical properties of cancer cells using high-resolution three dimensional imaging and atomic force microscope. 7 Fourthly, moving from cells to animals, In Xenograft mice we explored the death pathway using proteomic analysis and immunohistochemistry in mouse tumor tissues, indicated that PPTT trigger cancer death via apoptosis with no remarkable toxicity effects even after 1 year of treatment.8

In conclusion, these data on cells, mice, cats and dogs together demonstrated that our AuNR-PPTT including apoptosis is effective and safe for cancer therapy, which provides a strong framework for translation this approach to the clinic.

This article was published in 3alamaltanmya

sponsored by Future Builders International Academy

Led by Dr.Maha Fouad